Research and analysis

Research and analysis

We examine the questions that matter most for effective government.

Explore our research and analysis

The significance of the 2026 elections for UK government

The fracturing of British politics is a phenomenon that is here to stay.

Elections 2026: Fragmentation nation

The IfG's devolution experts discuss how significant Thursday night's votes will be for the future of the United Kingdom?

What happens if a prime minister loses their seat in a general election?

At every general election there is a possibility that a party's leader would not be returned to parliament.

Electoral systems across the UK

How do the electoral systems in the House of Commons and devolved legislatures work?

Scottish elections 2026: Scottish parliament

The Scottish parliament at Holyrood in Edinburgh is the devolved legislature of Scotland.

Welsh elections 2026: Senedd Cymru (Welsh parliament)

The Senedd Cymru (Welsh parliament) in Cardiff is the devolved legislature of Wales.

Calling a general election

Elections have to be held no more than five years apart, but the timing of elections are otherwise determined by the prime minister.

A clear sense of purpose can make ministers’ difficult job worthwhile

Steve Baker, Danny Alexander and Gillian Keegan reflect on their ministerial careers.

Appointment of prime ministers and the role of the King

Prime ministers are appointed based on their ability to command confidence in the House of Commons.

Labour Party leadership contests

A Labour leadership election can only be triggered if the leader resigns, or if 20% of MPs nominate a challenger